N'okpuru churning ụfụfụ nke amber biya idu underestimated osisi akụ. N'ihe dị ka narị afọ nke itoolu AD, ndị na-eme mmanya Europe ji ya mee ihe dị ka ihe nchekwa eke. N'oge a, ọ ghọwo ihe dị mkpa dị mkpa n'ime ime biya nwere obi ilu na ísì ya pụrụ iche. Ụdị osisi a bụ hops.
1. Hops: Ngwa anwansi maka ime biya biya
Hop (Humulus lupulus), nke a makwaara dị ka agwọ agwọ, bụ osisi na-arị elu nke ezinụlọ Cannabaceae na-adịgide adịgide ma nwee ike itolite ihe karịrị mita asaa. O nwere nnukwu inflorescences conical, nke a na-akpọ cones nke botanical ma mejupụtara petals resin dị nro na-acha akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ. Mgbe o toro, a na-ekpuchi cones nke hops na anthocyanin glands nke na-ezobe resin na mmanụ dị mkpa, na-emepụta ekpomeekpo pụrụ iche na ísì ụtọ nke ụdị hop. A na-ewerekarị cones hop na njedebe nke August ma ọ bụ na Septemba.
A na-eji hops eme ihe dị ka ahịhịa ọgwụ kemgbe oge ndị Ijipt oge ochie. N'oge ndị Rom, a na-eji hops eme ihe iji meziwanye ọrịa imeju na nsogbu usoro nri nri. Kemgbe narị afọ nke 13, a na-ahụta hops dị ka ezigbo ọgwụ maka imezi ahụ ọkụ na ọrịa splin na mpaghara Arab.
Ojiji hops na biya nwere ike nwetaghachi azụ na Europe na narị afọ nke itoolu AD. Na mbụ, a na-agbakwunye ha na biya n'ihi ihe nchekwa ha iji gbatịkwuo ndụ. N'oge emepechabeghị anya, ndị na-arụ ọrụ n'ebe obibi ndị mọnk German chọpụtara na ọ nwere ike ime ka ụtọ malt dị mma, nye biya biya na-enye ume ọhụrụ na ísì ụtọ, wee si otú ahụ guzobe isi ọnọdụ ya n'ịme biya. Taa, ihe dị ka 98% nke hops akọpụtara ka a na-ejikarị na ụlọ ọrụ ịsa biya, na United States bụ ndị na-emepụta hops kacha n'ụwa.
2. Ọ bụghị naanị na ịme ihe, hops nwere ọtụtụ uru bara uru
Hops, nke nwere obi ilu na ísì pụrụ iche, aghọọla ngwa ọrụ dị mkpa na ime biya biya. Otú ọ dị, uru ya karịrị nke a.
Nnyocha e mere n'oge a achọpụtala na hops nwere α-acids (karịsịa humulone) na β-acids (karịsịa humulone), flavonols (quercetin na kaempferol), flavonoid 3-mmanụ (karịsịa catechins, epicatechins na proanthocyanidins), phenolic acids (ferulic acid), na obere acid flavonoids. N'ime ha, alfa acid na beta acid bụ isi ihe na-ebute obi ilu nke hops.
Ịgba ụra na enyemaka ụra: Humulone na hops nwere ike jikọta na ndị na-anabata GABA, na-ebelata nchekasị na ịkwalite ụra. GABA na hops nwere ike ịbawanye ọrụ nke neurotransmitter GABA, si otú a na-egbochi usoro nhụjuanya nke etiti. Nnwale ụdị anụmanụ na-egosi na ntinye 2-milligram nke hop hop nwere ike ibelata ọrụ abalị nke ọma na rhythm circadian. N'ikpeazụ, a na-eme ka mmetụta nkwụsịtụ nke hops na-arụ ọrụ site na nkwalite ọrụ nke ndị na-anabata GABA, bụ ndị na-ahụ maka mgbasa ozi synaptik ngwa ngwa na ụbụrụ. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, ndị mmadụ na-ejikọta hops na valerian iji mee tii na-eme ka ahụ dị jụụ.
Mmetụta antioxidant na mgbochi mkpali: Hops nwere biomolecules nwere ikike antioxidant dị elu dị ka flavonols, rutin (quercetin-3-rutin glycoside), na astragaloside (kanophenol-3-glucoside), nke nwere ike igbochi mmebi sitere na ụdị oxygen na-emeghachi omume. Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, xanthol na hops nwere ike iwepụ free radicals, gbochie ụzọ NF-κB, ma belata mbufụt na-adịghị ala ala (dị ka ọrịa ogbu na nkwonkwo).
Antibacterial: Kemgbe Ijipt oge ochie, a na-eji hops echekwa nri. α-acid na β-acid dị ilu na hops nwere ọrụ antibacterial ma nwee ike igbochi uto nke microorganisms dị iche iche, gụnyere Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus epidermococcus, Streptococcus mutans na gram-positive bacteria. Nke a bụkwa otu n'ime ihe mere biya ji dịrị nchebe na akụkọ ihe mere eme karịa ịṅụ mmiri. Na mgbakwunye na inye ya ọgwụ nje na-egbu egbu, alfa-acid na-enyekwa aka ịnọgide na-enwe nkwụsi ike nke ụfụfụ nke biya.
Ịkwado ahụike ụmụ nwanyị: Hop isoprenylnaringin (nke sitere na fulminol na ihe ndị sitere na ya) nwere ike kwụọ ụgwọ maka mbelata na ọkwa 17-β-estradiol n'oge menopause. Nkwadebe Hop nwere 8-isoprenylnaringin, nke bụ otu n'ime phytoestrogens nwere ike mara na alaeze osisi. Enwere ike iji nkwadebe hop dị ka ihe eji dochie phytoestrogens n'oge menopause na ụmụ nwanyị iji belata ọkụ ọkụ, ehighi ura na mgbanwe ọnọdụ. Nnyocha nke metụtara ụmụ nwanyị 63 gosiri na iji nkwadebe hop nwere ike ibelata mgbaàmà vasomotor metụtara menopause na ọkụ ọkụ.
Nchekwa irighiri akwara: Nnyocha achọpụtala na terpenes hop nwere ike banye n'ime mgbochi ụbụrụ ọbara, chebe akwara, na-enye nchebe mgbochi mkpali maka ụbụrụ, ma belata nrụgide oxidative. Nnyocha ọzọ chọpụtara na hop isoalphaic acid nwere ike welie ebe nchekwa ndabere hippocampal na prefrontal cortex metụtara cognitive ọrụ site na ịgbalite dopamine neural nnyefe. Acid ilu dị na hops nwere ike ịkwalite ọrụ ebe nchekwa site na usoro nke norepinephrine neurotransmission na-edozi. Hop isoalphaic acid nwere ike ibelata neuroinflammation na nhụta nghọta n'ụdị ọrịa neurodegenerative dị iche iche, gụnyere ọrịa Alzheimer.
3. Ngwa nke hops
Data Mordor na-egosi na a na-eche nha ahịa hop ka ọ bụrụ ijeri US $ 9.18 na 2025 ma na-atụ anya iru $ 12.69 ijeri US site na 2030, yana mmụba kwa afọ nke 6.70% n'oge amụma amụma (2025-2030). N'ịkwalite site na uto nke oriri biya, omume nke biya nka na mmepe nke ụdị hop ọhụrụ, a na-atụ anya na ahịa hop ga-aga n'ihu.
Ezi ahụike
Ewepụtala capsule onye anaghị eri anụ hop. Ngwaahịa a nwere mmetụta nkwụsịtụ ma na-enyere aka na ụra.
Oge nzipu: Jun-24-2025